HSM · Manuscripts

Masoretic Text

Preserves the consonantal text alongside detailed traditions of pronunciation, reading, and scribal annotation.

Manuscript or textual tradition

Type: Hebrew textual tradition
Approximate period: Major surviving codices: medieval
Language: Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic
Textual tradition: Hebrew text transmitted with Masoretic vocalization and annotations
Witnesses and designations: Aleppo Codex; Leningrad Codex

A central basis for Hebrew Bible editions, compared with the Dead Sea Scrolls and ancient versions when evaluating readings.