HSM · Manuscripts
Dead Sea Scrolls
Ancient biblical copies reveal both continuity and variation in the transmission of the Hebrew Scriptures.
Manuscript or textual tradition
- Type
- Manuscript collection
- Approximate period
- Qumran scrolls: c. 3rd century BCE–1st century CE
- Language
- Mainly Hebrew; also Aramaic and Greek
- Textual tradition
- Diverse Second Temple Jewish textual witnesses
- Witnesses and designations
- Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaᵃ); biblical fragments from Qumran
How to investigate
Compare individual scroll readings with later Hebrew manuscripts and ancient translations; the collection is not a single uniform text.