HSM APOLOGETICS · Deity of Christ
Jesus and the authority to forgive sins
SCHEDSON WAGNAC · 4 min read
Updated 2026-10-01
What Mark 2 establishes, how delegated forgiveness differs, and why the argument belongs within a larger account of Christ.
The controversy in the house
Mark 2:1–12 describes a paralyzed man brought to Jesus. Jesus pronounces forgiveness, and some scribes regard the claim as blasphemous because forgiveness belongs to God. Jesus then connects a visible healing with his authority as Son of Man to forgive sins on earth.
The Christian argument should follow the narrative's logic. The episode is not merely a healer asking God to pardon someone. Jesus makes a direct pronouncement and then acts to establish the authority of that pronouncement. The question is what that authority reveals about him.
Sources: Mark 2:1–12 (KJV)
Why the healing functions as evidence
The question about which is easier to say contrasts an invisible declaration with an observable command. Anyone can utter words of forgiveness without a spectator being able to inspect the result. A command to rise and walk exposes the speaker's claim to immediate public testing.
The healing is therefore presented as a sign validating the disputed authority. This is a narrative argument within Mark. A historical defense of the event requires assessment of Mark as evidence; the theological meaning of the scene and its historical verification are related but distinct tasks. A careful Christian case should not pretend that identifying the story's meaning automatically settles every historical objection.
Sources: Mark 2:1–12 (KJV)
Can a representative announce forgiveness?
John 20:21–23 commissions the disciples and speaks of forgiveness and retention of sins. That passage makes it inadequate to argue that any human involvement in forgiveness must imply deity. Christian traditions interpret the commission in different ways, but all must explain its relationship to the authority of the risen Jesus.
The disciples are explicitly sent and receive the Spirit. Their ministry is derivative. In Mark 2, Jesus identifies the authority as belonging to the Son of Man and validates it through his own action. This contrast contributes to the case, while the complete identity of Jesus must also be established from the wider Gospel testimony.
Sources: John 20:19–23 (KJV) · Mark 2:1–12 (KJV)
The objection from granted authority
A Muslim or Unitarian reader may say that God can grant extraordinary authority to a prophet. The Christian response should acknowledge the logical possibility instead of declaring that representation can never exist. The real question is whether that explanation accounts for everything the New Testament says about Jesus.
Matthew 28 presents authority extending over heaven and earth, universal discipleship, and continuing presence with the mission. Alongside Mark's forgiveness episode, such claims support a more comprehensive account of Jesus than one authorized announcement. The argument is cumulative, not a proof that the bare phrase sins are forgiven has only one possible speaker.
Sources: Mark 2:1–12 (KJV) · Matthew 28:16–20 (KJV)
Forgiveness and the cross
Another objection asks why Jesus could forgive before his death if the cross is necessary to Christian salvation. The objection assumes that a benefit cannot be granted in relation to an act still future within the narrative. Christian theology instead understands forgiveness throughout the biblical story in relation to God's saving purpose fulfilled in Christ.
Romans 3:21–26 links redemption, God's righteousness, and the treatment of earlier sins. Colossians connects forgiveness with the Son and reconciliation through the cross. These passages provide the theological explanation: forgiveness during Jesus' ministry and atonement at the cross are not competing methods in which one makes the other irrelevant.
Sources: Romans 3:21–26 (KJV) · Colossians 1:12–20 (KJV)
What must not be overstated
The scribes' question is part of the account, but opponents are not automatically reliable theologians in every statement they make. The stronger evidence is Jesus' response and the narrative's validation of his authority. Christians should not make their whole argument depend on treating an accusation as inspired doctrinal commentary.
Similarly, the apostles' commission should not be minimized just to preserve a simple contrast. The New Testament gives them a real ministry while identifying its source in Christ. The distinction between source and commissioned servant can be explained without denying the text's description of either.
Sources: Mark 2:1–12 (KJV) · John 20:19–23 (KJV)
Conclusion
Mark 2 presents Jesus as exercising and demonstrating a remarkable authority to forgive. The scene supports the Christian account of his identity when read alongside his wider prerogatives and saving work. It is strongest as part of that connected case, with delegated ministry and the role of the cross addressed directly rather than avoided.
Sources: Mark 2:1–12 (KJV) · John 20:19–23 (KJV) · Romans 3:21–26 (KJV)
Sources and further investigation
Original HSM treatment. Citations identify the passages examined; interpretive conclusions are distinguished from the wording of the sources.
- Mark 2:1–12 (KJV) ↗
Primary text. Text consulted 2026-10-01. - John 20:19–23 (KJV) ↗
Primary text. Text consulted 2026-10-01. - Matthew 28:16–20 (KJV) ↗
Primary text. Text consulted 2026-10-01. - Romans 3:21–26 (KJV) ↗
Primary text. Text consulted 2026-10-01. - Colossians 1:12–20 (KJV) ↗
Primary text. Text consulted 2026-10-01.
Research context and attribution
This study is an original HSM treatment.